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为确定病原类型和造成虹鳟低死亡率的原因,研究对患病虹鳟进行了病理学观察、病毒的分离和鉴定以及动物感染实验。临床检查发现发病虹鳟体色变黑,肌肉和腹壁点状出血。病理学观察发现虹鳟造血器官脾和肾间组织严重坏死。通过反转录PCR法检测坏死组织和病变细胞中传染性造血器官坏死病毒、出血性败血病毒和传染性胰腺坏死病毒,并对得到的371 bp大小片段进行测序和构建进化树分析,发现感染病原为传染性造血器官坏死病毒。同时,给体重为1.5 kg健康虹鳟腹腔注射10~4 TCID_(50)的组织滤液,累计死亡率达到35%。除此之外,将组织滤液接种到鲤鱼上皮瘤细胞系后出现了特征性病变。在实验过程中未发现细菌或寄生虫感染。结果证实引起虹鳟低死亡率的病原为传染性造血器官坏死病毒。
In order to determine the type of pathogen and cause low mortality of rainbow trout, pathological observation, isolation and identification of the virus and animal infection experiment were carried out. Clinical examination found that the incidence of rainbow trout black, muscle and abdominal punctate bleeding. Pathological observation found rainbow trout hematopoietic organs and necrosis of spleen and interrenal tissue. Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus, hemorrhagic septicemia virus and infectious pancreas necrosis virus in necrotic tissue and diseased cells were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The obtained 371 bp fragment was sequenced and phylogenetic tree was constructed and found to be infected Pathogen for infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus. At the same time, the body weight of 1.5 kg healthy rainbow trout intraperitoneal injection of 10 ~ 4 TCID_ (50) of the tissue filtrate, the cumulative mortality rate of 35%. In addition, the tissue filtrate was inoculated into the carp epithelial tumor cell lines after the emergence of characteristic lesions. No bacterial or parasitic infection was found during the experiment. The results confirmed that the cause of low mortality of rainbow trout infectious infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus.