现将2004年我国小儿泌尿系统疾病诊治进展总结如下。1原发性肾病综合征(NS)循证医学的结论印证了既往初发患儿的治疗经验,即初治时泼尼松治疗至少3个月,疗程每增加1个月,其12～24个月内的复发减少7.5%,初治达6个月则复发率降至30%,再延长并不进一步减少复发,但药物副作用增多, Now in 2004 the progress of diagnosis and treatment of pediatric urinary system diseases in our country are summarized as follows. 1 Primary nephrotic syndrome (NS) Evidence-based medicine confirms the experience of previous infants with initial treatment of prednisone for at least 3 months, with an additional 1-month course of treatment of 12 to 24 Recurrent within months decreased by 7.5%, 6 months after initial treatment, the recurrence rate dropped to 30%, then did not further reduce the recurrence of relapse, but increased side effects of drugs,