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以小麦核不育×中国春3C二体附加系杂种F1和小麦核不育×普通小麦4E单体附加系杂种F1代为材料,利用细胞学方法研究了花粉母细胞减数分裂期(中期和后期)的染色体及二分体、四分体时期的小核。结果表明,小麦核不育×中国春3C二体附加系杂种F1代在花粉母细胞减数分裂中期出现了3个单价体的染色体构型,后期出现了2个或2个以上的落后染色体,二分体、四分体时期出现了2个或2个以上的小核,在不同的核不育背景中出现的频率各不相同,说明3C染色体在小麦核不育背景中具有诱导染色体断裂的作用,但在不同的小麦核不育背景中诱导染色体断裂的作用各不相同;在小麦核不育×普通小麦4E单体附加系杂种F1代花粉母细胞减数分裂中期、后期、二分体和四分体时期也观察到了同样的结果,说明4E染色体同样具有诱导染色体断裂的作用;3C或4E染色体诱导染色体断裂可能是在花粉母细胞减数分裂的多个时期。
Cytopathic methods were used to study the meiotic phase (mid-stage and late-stage) of pollen mother cells (CMS) × Chinese Spring 3C dwarf hybrid F1 and wheat male sterility × common wheat 4E ) Chromosomes and dichotomous, quaternary period of small nuclei. The results showed that there were three monovalent chromosomes in the F1 progeny of the Chinese Spring 3C dwarf F1 hybrids and two or more lagging chromosomes in the late stage. Two or more small nuclei appeared in the tetrad, with different frequencies in different nuclear infertility backgrounds, indicating that the 3C chromosome has the ability to induce chromosome rupture in the background of nuclear male sterility However, the role of chromosomal cleavage induced by different wheat nuclear infertility backgrounds was different. In the wheat mid-stage, late-stage and meiotic stage of meiosis of wheat pollen mother cells, tetrad stage and observed the same results, with the same effect described 4E chromosome induce chromosome aberration; 4E chromosome. 3C or may be a plurality of induced chromosomal breakage during meiosis in pollen mother cells.