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抗生素和疫苗的应用是 2 0世纪医学最重要的贡献之一。它有效地控制了威胁人类的感染性疾病 ,改变了疾病谱。但是 ,最近的国外文献表明 ,大多数感染性疾病并没有消失 ,新的病原还在发现 ,感染性疾病仍是全球儿童健康的主要危害 ,疫苗和抗生素本身仍然有很多新的问题有待解决。我国由于有较健全的防疫系统和儿童保健机构 ,儿科临床医生对儿童时期应用的疫苗和疫苗可预防疾病的认识不足 ,而在实际工作中又经常遇到很多与疫苗和免疫接种有关的疑点。因此 ,本期杂志组织国内在这方面有研究的一些专家进行讨论 ,主要涉及国内外的进展并介绍国内已经应用的新近国外应用的疫苗、疫苗的副作用和免疫机制。要讨论的问题也很多 ,不可能面面俱到 ,只是希望通过这次讨论能引起儿科医生的重视。
The use of antibiotics and vaccines is one of the most important contributions of medicine in the 20th century. It effectively controls infectious diseases that threaten humanity and changes the spectrum of disease. However, recent foreign literature shows that the majority of infectious diseases have not disappeared. New pathogens are still finding that infectious diseases remain the major hazard to the health of children around the world. There are still many new problems to be solved in vaccines and antibiotics. In our country, due to the sound epidemic prevention system and child health care institutions, pediatric clinicians are not aware of the vaccine and vaccine preventable diseases used in childhood, and often encounter many doubts related to vaccines and immunization in practical work. Therefore, this issue of magazine organizes some domestic experts who have studied in this field to discuss mainly the progress both at home and abroad and introduce the vaccine, vaccine side effects and immunization mechanism that have been applied recently in the country. There are also many problems to be discussed. It is impossible to cover everything but just hope that this discussion can draw the attention of pediatricians.