“立人”、改造国民性思想是鲁迅成为共产主义战士思想历程中的一个光辉亮点。研究、发掘、弘扬鲁迅的“立人”精神 ,对于我们今天的世界观、人生观和价值观教育 ,对于我们的社会主义精神文明建设具有重要意义。本文试从鲁迅提出“立人”思想的背景着手 ,探索产生“愚弱的国民”的原因 ,论述“立人”思想若干方面的精神实质 ,“温故而知新” ,以求于社会思想建设有所裨益 “Establishing people” and reforming the national character are a brilliant highlight of Lu Xun’s thinking on the course of communist fighters. To study, explore and promote Lu Xun’s “enterprising spirit” is of great significance to our education of world outlook, outlook on life and values ​​for our socialist spiritual civilization construction. This article tries to start with Lu Xun’s proposition of “establishing one’s own people”, explores the causes of “foolish nationals”, discusses the spiritual essence of “establishing one’s thoughts”, and " Benefit