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针对高速列车隔声降噪的需求,探讨了玻璃钢复合材料中纤维层数、面密度对材料隔声量的影响规律,以玻璃钢和聚酰亚胺泡沫材料为基础设计了复合隔声结构。实验结果表明,玻璃钢中纤维层数显著影响材料的隔声量,材料中纤维层数越多,隔声量越大;纤维面密度越大,复合材料隔声量越大;玻璃钢与聚酰亚胺泡沫材料复合夹芯结构能显著提高隔声量,并且隔声量随聚酰亚胺夹芯层厚度的增加逐渐增大。基于上述实验结果,结合受电弓区域的具体情况设计了受电弓区域用复合材料隔声罩。实验室测试表明,100~10 000 Hz范围内,该隔声罩的隔声量最小为23 d B,最大可达50 d B。
According to the demand of noise and noise reduction for high-speed trains, the influences of the number of fiber layers and the areal density on the sound insulation of the FRP composites were discussed. The composite sound insulation structure was designed based on the FRP and polyimide foams. The experimental results show that the number of fiber layers in FRP significantly affects the amount of sound insulation of the material. The more fiber layers in the material, the greater the amount of sound insulation. The greater the fiber area density, the greater the sound insulation of the composite. The FRP and polyimide foam Composite sandwich structure can significantly improve the amount of sound insulation, and the amount of insulation with the polyimide core layer thickness increases. Based on the above experimental results, combined with the pantograph area of the specific circumstances designed pantograph area composite acoustic enclosures. Laboratory tests show that the sound insulation enclosures have a minimum sound insulation of 23 d B and a maximum of 50 d B in the range of 100 to 10 000 Hz.