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我国《法律适用法》中共有9条无条件选择性冲突规范,根据法官选择方式的不同,可以分为法官被动选择的冲突规范和法官主动选择的冲突规范。前者的功能在于维护和促进某种法律关系的成立;后者的功能在于确保法律选择的灵活性以实现个案公正。我国法院对此类冲突规范的适用存在着说理不清、选择连结点的依据不明等问题。在司法实践中,对于法官被动选择的冲突规范,法官可以逐一、直接适用连结点指向的实体法对争议问题的有效性进行判断,只要有一个连结点指向的实体法认可其有效性,就应认定为有效;对于法官主动选择的冲突规范,法官应当考量个案中的实体正义和公共政策来选择应当适用的连结点,并在判决书中对选择连结点的理由做出说明,不能完全无条件地自由裁量;对于主客观连结点并列的冲突规范,法官应当根据该规则的立法目的,按照司法任务简单化的要求,优先根据客观连结点选择准据法。
There are nine norms of unconditional selective conflict in the Law Application Law of our country. According to the different choice of judges, they can be divided into conflict rules of judge’s passive choice and conflict rules of judges’ initiative choice. The former’s function is to maintain and promote the establishment of a legal relationship; the latter’s function is to ensure the flexibility of choice of law to achieve a fair case. The application of our country’s courts to such conflicts has some problems such as unclear reasons and unclear basis for selecting links. Judicial practice can judge the validity of the controversial issues one by one and directly by applying the substantive law directly linked to the point of connection. As long as there is a valid substantive law pointed by the point of connection, the judge should be effective The judge should consider the substantive justice and public policy in the case to select the connecting points that should be applied and explain the reasons for selecting the connecting point in the judgment and can not be completely and unconditionally free In accordance with the objective of conflict of subjective and objective points of connection, the judge should give priority to selecting the applicable law according to the objective links according to the legislative purpose of the rules and the simplification of judicial tasks.