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本文研究用上海话发音的外来词,语料主要来自《上海通俗语及洋泾浜》一书。全文分三部分。首先对《上海通俗语及洋泾浜》所录外来词进行分类比较,然后讨论上海话外来词的发展变化,并且比较研究上海话和粤语里的外来词。结论认为上海开埠后的一百年间外来词曾经非常发达,其中一部分为普通话或书面语大量吸收,但20世纪50年代后口语中的外来词大多废弃不用。近年来在香港产生的外来词在数量上大大超过上海。外来词在结构上有两大演变趋势,一是音节从简;二是音译义注词变成纯音译词。
In this paper, we study the foreign words that are pronounced in Shanghainese, and the corpus mainly comes from the book “Shanghai Common Sayings and Pidgin.” The full text is divided into three parts. Firstly, we classify and compare the loanwords recorded in “Shanghai Common Sayings and Pidgin”, then discuss the development and changes of loanwords in Shanghainese and compare the loanwords in Shanghainese and Cantonese. The conclusion is that a hundred years after the opening of Shanghai, Loanwords were well developed, some of which were largely absorbed in Putonghua or written language. However, loan words in the spoken language after the 1950s were mostly discarded. Loanwords generated in Hong Kong have greatly surpassed Shanghai in recent years. Loanwords in the structure of the two major evolution trends, one from the simple syllable; the second is transliteration of the meaning of the word into pure transliteration.