我国沿海和沿江主要港口企业一直是交通部直接管辖的 ,沿用了统一安排业务 ,统一制订价格的运作模式 ,进入 80年代后期 ,港口的生产业务 ,人事组织逐步下放给地方政府 ,交通部的控制力度逐步减弱 ,属地管理的港口间竞争逐步市场化 ,港口面临的竞争日趋复杂。只有进行股份制改革 China’s coastal and major port enterprises along the Yangtze River have been directly under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Communications, followed the unified arrangement of business, unified pricing model of operation, into the late 1980s, the port’s production operations, personnel organizations gradually delegated to local governments, Ministry of Transportation control The intensity gradually weakened, the competition among port-managed ports gradually marketized, and the competition faced by the ports became increasingly complicated. Only the shareholding system reform