Background: Stent insertion for biliary decompression to relieve jaundice and subsequent biliary infec-tion is necessary for patients with biliary obstruction caused by pancreatic cancer,and it is important to keep the stent patent as long as possible. However,few studies have compared stent patency in terms of chemotherapy in patients with pancreatic cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the differences in stent patency in terms of recently evolving chemotherapy.Methods: Between January 2015 and May 2017,161 patients with pancreatic cancer who had under-gone biliary stent insertion with a metal stent were retrospectively analyzed. The relationship between chemotherapy and stent patency was assessed. Additionally,overall survival according to the treatment,risk factors for stent patency,and long-term adverse events were evaluated. Results: Median stent patency was 42 days for patients with the best supportive care and 217 days for patients with chemotherapy (conventional gemcitabine-based chemotherapy and folfirinox) ( P < 0.001). Furthermore,the folfirinox group showed the longest median stent patency and overall survival,with 283 days and 466 days,respectively ( P < 0.001) despite higher adverse events rate. Patients who underwent folfirinox chemotherapy after stent insertion had better stent patency in multivariate analysis (HR = 0.26; 95％ CI: 0.12–0.60; P = 0.001). Conclusions: Compared with patients who received best supportive care only,patients who underwent chemotherapy after stent insertion had better stent patency. More prolonged stent patency can be ex-pected for patients with folfirinox than conventional gemcitabine-based chemotherapy.