AIM To evaluate novel risk factors and biomarkers of car-diovascular disease in celiac disease(CD) patients compared with healthy controls. METHODS Twenty adult patients with recent diagnosis of CD and 20 sex, age and body mass index-matched healthy controls were recruited during a period of 12 mo. Indicators of carbohydrate metabolism, hematological parameters and high sensitive C reactive protein were determined. Moreover, lipoprotein metabolism was also explored through evaluation of the lipid profile andthe activity of cholesteryl ester transfer protein and lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2, which is also considered a specific marker of vascular inflammation. The protocol was approved by the Ethic Committee from School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires and from Buenos Aires Italian Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina.RESULTS Regarding the indicators of insulin resistance, CD patients showed higher plasma insulin levels [7.2(5.0-11.3) m U/L vs 4.6(2.6-6.7) m U/L, P < 0.05], increased Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance [1.45(1.04-2.24) vs 1.00(0.51-1.45), P < 0.05] and lower Quantitative Sensitive Check index [0.33(0.28-0.40) vs 0.42(0.34-0.65), P < 0.05] indexes. Folic acid concentration [5.4(4.4-7.9) ng/m L vs 12.2(8.0-14.2) ng/m L, P < 0.01] resulted to be lower and High-sensitivity C reactive protein levels higher(4.21 ± 6.47 mg/L vs 0.98 ± 1.13 mg/L, P < 0.01) in the patient group. With respect to the lipoprotein profile, CD patients showed lower high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C)(45 ± 15 mg/d L vs 57 ± 17 mg/d L, P < 0.05) and apo A-I(130 ± 31 mg/d L vs 155 ± 29 mg/d L, P < 0.05) levels, as well as higher total cholesterol/HDL-C [4.19(3.11-5.00) vs 3.52(2.84-4.08), P < 0.05] and apo B/apo A-I(0.75 ± 0.25 vs 0.55 ± 0.16, P < 0.05) ratios in comparison with control subjects. No statistically significant differences were detected in lipoprotein-associated lipid transfer protein and enzymes.CONCLUSION The presence and interaction of the detected alterations in patients with CD, would constitute a risk factor for the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. AIM To evaluate novel risk factors and biomarkers of car-diovascular disease in celiac disease (CD) patients compared with healthy controls. METHODS Twenty adult patients with recent diagnosis of CD and 20 sex, age and body mass index-matched healthy controls were recruited during a period of 12 mo. Indicators of carbohydrate metabolism, hematological parameters and high sensitive C reactive protein were determined. which is explored through the evaluation of the lipid profile and the activity of cholesteryl ester transfer protein and lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2, which is The protocol was approved by the Ethic Committee from School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires and from Buenos Aires Italian Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina .RESULTS Regarding the indicators of insulin resistance, CD patients showed higher plasma insulin levels [7.2 (5.0-11.3) mU / L vs. 4.6 (2.6-6.7) P <0.05] and lower Quantitative Sensitive Check index [0.33 (0.28-0.40) vs 1.00 (0.51-1.45), P <0.05] 0.42 (0.34-0.65), P <0.05] indexes. Folic acid concentration [5.4 (4.4-7.9) ng / m L vs. 12.2 (8.0-14.2) ng / m L, P <0.01] sensitivity C reactive protein levels higher (4.21 ± 6.47 mg / L vs. 0.98 ± 1.13 mg / L, P <0.01) in the patient group. With respect to the lipoprotein profile, CD patients showed lower high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (45 ± 15 mg / d L vs 57 ± 17 mg / d L, P <0.05) and apo AI (130 ± 31 mg / d L vs 155 ± 29 mg / d L, P <0.05) as higher total cholesterol / HDL-C [4.19 (3.11-5.00) vs 3.52 (2.84-4.08), P <0.05] and apo B / apo AI (0.75 ± 0.25 vs 0.55 ± 0.16, P <0.05) control subjects. No significant difference detected in lipoprotein-associated lipid transfer protein and enzymes. CONCLUSION The presenceand interaction of the detected alterations in patients with CD, would constitute a risk factor for the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.