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目的掌握3年贵州省医院感染现患率调查结果的变化趋势,制定科学的医院感染预防控制措施,以降低感染率。方法横断面调查2010、2012、2014年贵州省所有二级及以上综合性医院和专科医院的住院患者临床资料,按照“医院感染现患率调查个案登记表”采取床旁与病历调查相结合的方式进行,数据采用SPSS19.0软件进行统计分析。结果 2010、2012、2014年医院感染现患率,分别为3.49%、3.03%、2.35%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=109.926,P<0.05);重症医学科为医院感染高发科室;感染部位以下呼吸道感染为主;革兰阴性菌位居医院感染病原体首位,占16.45%;3年抗菌药物使用率分别为55.52%、43.12%和39.24%,一联用药分别占60.88%、76.49%和79.32%,3年治疗用药率从51.58%上升至67.24%,使用抗菌药物病原体培养送检率分别为13.84%、28.31%和32.81%。结论现患率调查真实反映医院感染发生情况,可根据结果有针对性地采取措施,有效控制医院感染的发生。
Objective To grasp the changing trend of prevalence rate of nosocomial infections in Guizhou Province in three years and to develop a scientific nosocomial infection prevention and control measures to reduce the infection rate. Methods The cross-sectional investigation of the clinical data of hospitalized patients in all the secondary and above general hospitals and specialist hospitals in Guizhou Province in 2010, 2012 and 2014 was carried out by combining the bedside with the medical records in accordance with the “Registration Form of Surveillance Rate of Nosocomial Infection Rate” Way, the data using SPSS19.0 software for statistical analysis. Results The prevalence rates of nosocomial infections in 2010, 2012 and 2014 were 3.49%, 3.03% and 2.35%, respectively, with significant differences (χ2 = 109.926, P <0.05). The department of intensive care was hospital- Respiratory infections; Gram-negative bacteria ranked the first hospital infection pathogens, accounting for 16.45%; three years of antibacterial drug use rates were 55.52%, 43.12% and 39.24%, respectively, a combination of drugs accounted for 60.88%, 76.49% and 79.32% , 3-year treatment rate increased from 51.58% to 67.24%, the use of antimicrobial agents pathogen detection rates were 13.84%, 28.31% and 32.81%. Conclusion The prevalence rate survey truly reflects the occurrence of nosocomial infections, according to the results of targeted measures to effectively control the occurrence of nosocomial infections.