审稿专家的热情与责任感、学术水平以及人情因素和竞争关系是影响审稿质量的主要因素。为保证审稿质量，除了加强宣传，提高认识之外，应把专家审稿的数量和质量与其科研业绩评价等挂上钩，相关职能部门的有关政策应作调整，同时，采用有力措施防止人情和竞争因素对审稿质量的影响。“,”The reviewers＇ sense of responsibility, academic level, enthusiasm, and human and competitive relations with authors are main factors affecting the reviewing results. In order to guarantee the quality of peer review, besides infusing reviewers with significance of reviewing, it is necessary to correlate the quantity and quality of peer review with their own interests, and to appropriately adjust related policies. At the same time, effective countermeasures should be taken against the negative effects of human and competitive factors.