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大倾角特厚复合顶板巷道因其围岩原位强度低、层间黏结力弱,在复杂应力作用下巷道围岩具有非对称破坏特征。结合具体工程实例,采用相似模拟试验、FLAC3D数值模拟和工程测试等方法,分析不规则梯形与拱形巷道在常规对称支护和非对称强力支护条件下围岩应力、位移等变化规律,揭示特厚倾斜复合顶板巷道的非对称破坏机理。研究表明:受岩层赋存特征影响,巷道围岩结构和应力分布的非对称性是造成巷道非对称性破坏的根本原因;复合层状岩层结构面法向约束力减小与钝角部位应力集中直接导致弱面剪切滑移失稳;采用拱形巷道与非对称强力支护能有效改善围岩应力状态、减小围岩变形,提高巷道支护体系的平衡承载能力。
Because of the low initial strength of surrounding rock and weak interlayer adhesion, the roadway with large dip and thick composite roof has the characteristics of asymmetric failure under complex stress. Combined with specific engineering examples, the similar simulation tests, FLAC3D numerical simulation and engineering tests were used to analyze the variation regularity of stress and displacement of surrounding rock in irregular trapezoidal and arched tunnels under normal symmetrical support and asymmetrical strong support, Asymmetric Destructive Mechanism of Roadway with Extra Thick Tilting Compound Roof. The results show that the asymmetry of the surrounding rock structure and stress distribution is the root cause of the asymmetry of the roadway affected by the stratigraphic characteristics of the strata. The decrease of the normal binding force of the stratified plane and the stress concentration at the obtuse angle Which leads to the weak shear shearing slip instability. The use of arched tunnel and asymmetrical strong support can effectively improve the stress state of the surrounding rock, reduce the deformation of the surrounding rock and improve the balance bearing capacity of the roadway support system.