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目的了解济南市流感的流行特征及流感流行优势毒株的变化,为流感防治工作提供科学依据。方法对济南市流感哨点医院流感样病例、病原学监测结果及暴发疫情资料进行描述性分析。结果济南市2005～2008年3个流感监测年度哨点医院流感样病例就诊百分比分别为3.81%、3.79%和2.93%,基本呈下降趋势。流感样病例就诊百分比各年龄组呈现显著差别,以0～4岁组最高,为5.90%。2005～2006年度流行优势毒株为甲1型,2006～2007年度流行优势毒株为甲3型,2007～2008年度乙型与甲3共同成为优势毒株。3个监测年度共报告流感样病例暴发疫情9起,有5起检出乙型流感病毒。结论2005～2008年济南市流感流行活动比较平稳,流行优势毒株不断发生变化,局部有暴发疫情发生。
Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of influenza in Jinan City and the change of influenza prevalent strains so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of influenza. Methods Descriptive analysis of flu-like illness, etiological surveillance results and outbreak data in sentinel hospital of Jinan City was conducted. Results The percentages of flu-like cases in sentinel hospitals during the three flu surveillance years from 2005 to 2008 in Jinan were 3.81%, 3.79% and 2.93%, respectively, showing a decreasing trend. Influenza-like cases showed a significant difference in the percentage of visits between the age groups, the highest 0 to 4 years old group, 5.90%. The predominant strain of strain in 2005-2006 was Type 1, the predominant strain of strain in 2006-2007 was Type A 3, and Type B and Grade 3 together became the predominant strain in 2007-2008. In the three monitoring years, a total of 9 cases of influenza-like outbreaks were reported, and 5 cases of influenza B virus were detected. Conclusion From 2005 to 2008, the prevalence of influenza in Jinan was relatively stable. The prevalence of strains of endemic strains changed continuously, and some outbreaks occurred in Jinan.