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镉的生物半减期长达数十年,因而对人体构成了潜在的危害。现已明瞭,镉对胚胎发育有明显的不利作用。一、镉产生的死胎和畸胎经不同途径将镉盐给予妊娠的哺乳动物后可引起胚胎死亡和各种畸形(表1)。一般认为镉引起的畸胎比较特殊,这是由于它在特定的时间作用于特定的部位。但也有不少人认为它可引起种类广泛的畸胎。总的说来,发生频率最高的有颅脑、四肢和骨骼的畸形,主要为:脑积水、露脑、无肢、短肢、缺趾、趾异常、肋骨和胸骨畸形及骨骼钙化不全。也可发生小眼、无眼、唇裂、腭裂、肾发育不全,肺发育不全,小颌和睁眼畸形、无尾、脊柱裂,肾盂积水、输尿管积水、膀胱畸形、睾丸不下降和中枢神经系统异常等。
The biological half-life of cadmium can last as long as decades, posing a potential hazard to the human body. It is now clear that cadmium has a significant adverse effect on embryonic development. First, cadmium-induced stillbirth and teratogenicity By different ways to give cadmium salts to pregnant mammals can cause embryonic death and various deformities (Table 1). It is generally believed that teratospermia caused by cadmium is rather special because it acts on a specific site at a specific time. But many people think it can cause a wide range of teratogenic. In general, the highest frequency of craniocerebral, limbs and skeletal deformities, mainly: hydrocephalus, dew, no limbs, short limbs, missing toe, toe anomalies, rib and sternal deformities and bone calcification incomplete. Small eyes, no eyes, cleft lip, cleft palate, renal hypoplasia, hypoplasia, small jaw and open eye deformity, no tail, spina bifida, hydronephrosis, ureteral hydronephrosis, bladder malformation, testicular decline and central Nervous system abnormalities and so on.