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目的:探讨活体肾移植供者社会支持现状及对供肾者术后远期生活质量的影响。方法:选取58例在我院接受生活质量调查的活体肾移植供者为研究对象,采用社会支持量表(SSRS)及生活质量量表(SF-36),评估供肾者社会支持及术后远期生活质量现状,并与术后近期生活质量评分进行对比,分析社会支持对供肾者远期生活质量的影响。结果:供肾者术后肾功能保持稳定。与手术近期比较,供者手术远期在躯体疼痛(BP)得分较高,生命活力(VT)、情感角色功能(RE)和心理健康(MH)3个维度得分较低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。供者SSRS得分在客观支持方面与常模无差异(P>0.05),主观支持、对支持利用度及社会支持总分方面得分较常模低(P<0.05)。SSRS总分的影响因素包括:家庭收入、文化程度、居住地、供受者关系及睡眠质量(P<0.05)。供者在躯体角色功能(RP)、总体健康(GH)、生命活力(VT)、情感角色功能(RE)、心理健康(MH)5个维度及SF-36总分等方面与社会支持总分密切相关(P<0.05)。结论:供肾者术后长期保持肾功能稳定,但生活质量较手术近期下降,社会支持是影响生活质量的重要因素。
Objective: To explore the status quo of social support for living donor renal transplant recipients and its effect on long-term quality of life of patients with kidney donors. Methods: Fifty-eight living donor kidney transplant recipients who underwent quality of life survey in our hospital were selected as the research object. The social support scale (SSRS) and quality of life scale (SF-36) Long-term quality of life status, and with the recent postoperative quality of life scores were compared to analyze the impact of social support on the long-term quality of life of the donor. Results: Kidney function remained stable after operation. Compared with the recent surgery, donor surgery had a higher long-term score on somatic pain (BP), a lower score on three dimensions of vital activity (VT), emotional role (RE) and mental health (MH) (P <0.05). There was no significant difference (P> 0.05) between subjective support and SSRS score of objective support, but lower scores of support utilization and social support scores (P <0.05). Influential factors of SSRS score include family income, educational level, place of residence, relationship with the donor and quality of sleep (P <0.05). The total score of social support for donors in five dimensions of body function (RP), general health (GH), vital energy (VT), emotional function (RE), mental health (MH) Closely related (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: The donor kidney has long-term stable renal function after operation, but the quality of life is lower than that of surgery recently. Social support is an important factor affecting the quality of life.