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华北地区包括京、津、冀、晋、鲁、豫及内蒙古中部和苏、皖北部,耕地总面积约5.5亿亩。其中,水浇地2.9亿亩,旱地2.6亿亩。该区域西部为山丘地,其余大部属黄河、淮河、海河冲积平原,地势平坦,土壤肥沃,耕性良好,是我国重要的粮经作物主产区,小麦、玉米、棉花总产量分别占全国79%、42%和43%。华北地理位置独特,是推进我国中西部地区经济发展的重要枢纽,也是主要粮食产区,但需水量大,供需矛盾突出,水资源紧缺已成为制约华北地区农业生产的首要因素。
North China includes Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi, Shandong, Henan and Central and Inner Mongolia, Jiangsu and Northern Anhui, a total of about 550 million mu of arable land. Among them, irrigated area of 290 million mu, 260 million mu of dry land. The western part of the region is a hillside, and the rest belong to the Yellow River, the Huaihe River and the Haihe River alluvial plain. The terrain is flat, the soil is fertile, and the tillage is good. It is an important grain-crop production area in China. The total output of wheat, 79%, 42% and 43%. North China’s unique geographical position is an important hub for promoting economic development in the central and western regions of China. It is also a major grain producing region. However, the demand for water is large and the contradiction between supply and demand is prominent. The shortage of water resources has become the primary factor restricting the agricultural production in North China.