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植物种群的空间格局及关联性是植物与环境协同适应的结果。利用群落学调查法和点格局分析法,在黑河中游洪泛平原湿地选择砾石(Ⅰ)、半裸露砾石(Ⅱ)、粗砂(Ⅲ)和粉砂(Ⅳ)4种土壤质地环境样地,分析了宽苞水柏枝(Myricaria bracteata)和多枝柽柳(Tamarix ramosissima)种群的空间分布格局和种间关联关系。结果表明:随着土壤粒级由粗变细,宽苞水柏枝的植株高度先减小后增大、分枝数和植株密度逐渐减小、一级小株丛比例逐渐降低,多枝柽柳植株高度和分枝数逐渐增大、密度和一级小株丛比例先增大后减小;宽苞水柏枝在样地Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ内呈现不同尺度的聚集分布,聚集分布由较大尺度向较小尺度过渡,在样地Ⅳ内所有尺度上为随机分布;多枝柽柳在样地Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ内呈现相反的聚集分布变化趋势,在样地Ⅳ内所有尺度上为随机分布。在样地Ⅰ和Ⅲ,宽苞水柏枝和多枝柽柳之间表现为负相关和不相关,在样地Ⅱ从负相关过渡到正相关,在样地Ⅳ从负相关过渡到不相关。环境异质性作用下的洪泛平原湿地植物不对称竞争关系,引起植物种群优势地位发生更替、空间格局发生尺度转换,反映了植物的环境适应性策略。
The spatial pattern and correlation of plant population is the result of coordinated adaptation of plant and environment. Using the methods of community investigation and spot pattern analysis, we selected 4 soil texture plots of gravel (Ⅰ), semi-bare gravel (Ⅱ), coarse sand (Ⅲ) and silt (Ⅳ) The spatial distribution pattern and interspecific association of Myricaria bracteata and Tamarix ramosissima population were analyzed. The results showed that the plant height of broadleaf waterbush firstly decreased and then increased with the increase of soil grain size from coarse to thin, the number of branches and plant density gradually decreased, the proportion of small plantlets gradually decreased, The plant height and number of branches increased gradually, and the density and the number of the first plantlets increased first and then decreased; The broadleaf Myzus persicae showed aggregated distribution at different scales in plots Ⅰ, Ⅱand Ⅲ, The large-scale transition to the smaller scale is randomly distributed on all the scales in the sample Ⅳ. The trend of the accumulation of Tamarix ramosissima in the samples Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ is opposite. At all scales in sample Ⅳ, distributed. There was a negative correlation and a non-correlation between the I and III in the plots Ⅰ and Ⅲ, and the correlation between the transition from negative to positive in the sample Ⅱ and the negative correlation in the sample Ⅳ. Asymmetric competition among floodplain wetland plants caused by environmental heterogeneity caused the dominant position of plant population to change and the spatial pattern of scale conversion occurred, reflecting the plant’s environmental adaptability strategy.