论文部分内容阅读
目的了解成都市中心城区公务员吸烟行为和认知状况,为制定针对性的干预措施提供依据。方法采用问卷调查的方法,通过分层整群随机抽样对成都市中心城区公务员吸烟行为和对烟草的认知情况进行调查。结果 403名被调查的公务员中吸烟者90人,吸烟率为22.3%,其中男性公务员吸烟率为39.5%(81/205),女性公务员吸烟率为4.5%(9/198)。吸烟率在不同性别、年龄组、工作年限以及职务间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。被调查的公务员对吸烟危害的认识程度总体较好,但是仅有19.2%的公务员知道烟中的尼古丁是引起大多数癌症的化学物质;81.5%知道吸烟成瘾是一种慢性疾病;87.1%知道肺癌与主动吸烟相关,47.1%知道骨质疏松与主动吸烟相关;92.1%支持公共交通工具上和学校全面禁烟,85.1%赞同工作场所全面禁烟。结论成都市中心城区被调查的公务员吸烟率有所下降,但仍需加大公务员人群吸烟危害健康知识的宣传教育,提高其对烟草危害的认知及重视,以降低全人群吸烟率。
Objective To understand the smoking behavior and cognitive status of civil servants in the downtown area of Chengdu and provide the basis for making targeted interventions. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the smoking behaviors of civil servants in Chengdu city center and their cognition of tobacco by stratified cluster random sampling. Results Among the 403 investigated civil servants, 90 were smokers, with a smoking rate of 22.3%. Among them, 39.5% (81/205) were male civil servants and 4.5% (9/198) smokers were women civil servants. Smoking prevalence was significantly different among different genders, age groups, working years and positions (P <0.05 or P <0.01). The surveyed civil servants were generally better informed of the hazards of smoking, but only 19.2% of civil servants knew that nicotine in cigarettes was the chemical responsible for most cancers; 81.5% knew that smoking addiction was a chronic disease; 87.1% knew Lung cancer was associated with active smoking, 47.1% knew that osteoporosis was associated with active smoking, 92.1% with a total ban on public transport and in schools, and 85.1% with a total ban on smoking in the workplace. Conclusions The smoking rate of civil servants under investigation in downtown area of Chengdu has decreased. However, it is still necessary to increase publicity and education about smoking hazards health knowledge among civil servants, and to increase their cognition and emphasis on tobacco harm so as to reduce the smoking rate in the whole population.