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目的探讨脑内炎症反应对中脑黑质多巴胺能神经元的选择性变性作用。方法健康SD雄性大鼠10只,随机分为实验组和对照组,实验组行脂多糖(LPS)右侧脑室定位注射,对照组注射生理盐水。注射后48周用免疫组织化学或组织化学法观察黑质多巴胺能、中缝核5-羟色胺能及基底核胆碱能3种不同类型神经元的变性及上述不同脑区小胶质细胞的激活情况。结果免疫组织化学染色显示,LPS组在黑质、海马、纹状体、中缝核部位均可见到OX6阳性小胶质细胞,说明不同脑区均出现炎症反应。不同类型神经元染色结果显示,LPS组黑质多巴胺能神经元胞体变小、染色变浅、突起减少甚至消失,神经元数量比对照组减少40.1%(P<0.01);5-羟色胺能神经元及胆碱能神经元形态及数量均无明显改变。结论脑室注射LPS导致的脑内炎症反应可选择性引起黑质多巴胺能神经元变性损伤。
Objective To investigate the selective degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra of midbrain induced by intracerebral inflammatory response. Methods Ten healthy SD male rats were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. Experimental group was injected with right ventricle of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and normal saline was injected into control group. At 48 weeks after injection, degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, degeneration of serotonergic and basilar cholinergic neurons in substantia nigra and activation of microglia in different brain regions were observed by immunohistochemistry or histochemistry . Results Immunohistochemical staining showed that OX6 positive microglial cells were found in the substantia nigra, hippocampus, striatum and meso-nucleus in LPS group, indicating that inflammatory reaction occurred in different brain regions. The results of different types of neurons showed that the number of substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons in the LPS group became smaller, the staining became lighter and the number of neurites decreased or disappeared, the number of neurons in the LPS group was reduced by 40.1% (P <0.01) compared with that in the control group. The number of serotonergic neurons There was no significant change in the morphology and number of cholinergic neurons. Conclusion Intracerebroventricular injection of LPS-induced inflammatory response in the brain can selectively cause degeneration of nigral dopaminergic neurons.