通过大田和盆栽试验研究了四川主要植棉紫色土的水分特性及其与棉花生长的关系，结果表明田间沙溪庙组土壤因其入渗性强和地形平缓、土层深厚，表现出水分过多；遂宁组土壤入渗能力极差，土壤有效水特别是非正常生育有效水极少，易显“旱象”；而城墙岩群、蓬莱镇组土壤则具有适宜的土壤水分条件。盆栽下不同土壤的物理性质趋于近似，人工控制供水一致的条件下，不同土壤的棉花产量无显著差异。 The field experiment and pot experiment were carried out to study the water characteristics and the relationship between the water characteristics and the cotton growth in purple soil of cotton planting in Sichuan Province. The results show that the soil in Shaximiao Formation has the characteristics of strong infiltration, gentle terrain and deep soil, The infiltration capacity of soil in Suining group was very poor, soil available water, especially non-normal fertility effective water was very few, which was easy to show “drought phenomenon”. However, the soil in the wall rock group and Penglaizhen group had suitable soil moisture conditions. The physical properties of different soils under potting tended to be similar. Under the condition of the same controlled water supply, there was no significant difference in cotton yield between different soils.