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本文以喷头的组合间距、灌水量大小以及系统工作压力为独立变量,在无风条件下,对手移铝合金管喷灌系统的年利润进行了优化。以棉花水生产函数来计算收入,费用包括水、能、管道、喷头以及泵站的投资。计算中计入了整个输配水系统的压力变化以及一块平地的局部平均产量。相对而言,压力对效益的影响不大。但是就被测喷头来说,最优间距随有效压力的变化而变化。其最优灌水深度低于高峰用水深度5～15cm。研究结果表明,高、低压喷嘴的效益并没有明显的差别,而棉花的价格变化却对其效益有较大影响。但相对来说,水电费以及支管直径、利率对效益的影响则又次之。本文还探讨了用低压喷头改造现有喷灌系统的问题;并提出了根据建议的喷头喷洒直径进行设计和运行的经验方法。
In this paper, the combination of nozzle spacing, the amount of irrigation and system pressure as independent variables, in the absence of wind conditions, the opponent shift aluminum pipe sprinkler irrigation system annual profit is optimized. Revenue is calculated as a function of cotton water production costs, including investment in water, energy, pipelines, sprinklers and pumping stations. The calculation includes the pressure changes of the entire distribution system as well as the local average production of a piece of land. Relatively speaking, pressure has little effect on the benefit. However, for the nozzle under test, the optimal spacing varies with the effective pressure. The optimal irrigation depth is lower than the peak water depth of 5 ~ 15cm. The results show that there is no obvious difference between the high and low pressure nozzles, but the price change of cotton has a great influence on its efficiency. But relatively speaking, utilities and branch pipe diameter, the impact of interest rates on efficiency is second to none. This paper also explored the issue of retrofitting existing sprinkler systems with low pressure nozzles and presented empirical approaches to design and operate the proposed nozzle sprinkler diameters.