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目的了解余姚市居民慢性病死因分布,为慢性病防控工作提供依据。方法从浙江省慢性病监测信息管理系统中收集2015年余姚市户籍居民死亡数据,分析居民主要慢性病的死亡水平。结果 2015年余姚市共报告死亡6 091例,其中慢性病死亡5 189例,占全部死因的85.19%。男性居民慢性病死亡率为708.54/10万(标化死亡率292.79/10万),高于女性的534.85/10万(标化死亡率220.10/10万)(P<0.01)。其中恶性肿瘤死亡1 921例,占所有慢性病死亡病例的37.02%;循环系统疾病死亡1 521例,脑血管病占所有循环系统疾病死亡病例的57.33%。居民慢性病死因顺位前5位依次为恶性肿瘤、循环系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病、内分泌系统疾病和神经系统疾病,占慢性病死因的94.97%。男性居民肺癌、胃癌、肝癌、食管癌、鼻咽癌、膀胱癌和急性心肌梗死死亡率均高于女性(P<0.05);而高血压及高血压性心脏病死亡率低于女性(P<0.05)。结论恶性肿瘤是余姚市居民主要的慢性病死因,应加强对男性居民的慢性病健康教育,提高居民整体健康水平。
Objective To understand the distribution of death causes of chronic diseases in residents of Yuyao and provide basis for prevention and control of chronic diseases. Methods The data of deaths of household inhabitants in Yuyao City in 2015 were collected from the chronic disease monitoring information management system in Zhejiang Province, and the death rate of major chronic diseases was analyzed. Results A total of 6 091 deaths were reported in Yuyao in 2015, of which 5 189 were chronic diseases, accounting for 85.19% of all deaths. The mortality rate of chronic diseases among male residents was 708.54 / lakh (standardized rate 292.79 / lakh), higher than that of female 534.85 / lakh (standardized rate 220.10 / lakh) (P <0.01). Among them, 921 cases of malignant tumor died, accounting for 37.02% of all deaths from chronic diseases; 1 521 cases died of circulatory diseases, and 57.33% of all deaths from circulatory diseases were caused by cerebrovascular diseases. The top 5 causes of death among residents with chronic diseases were malignant tumors, circulatory diseases, respiratory diseases, endocrine diseases and nervous system diseases, accounting for 94.97% of the causes of chronic diseases. Mortality rates of lung cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, esophageal cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, bladder cancer and acute myocardial infarction in male were higher than those in female (P <0.05), while those in hypertension and hypertensive heart disease were lower than those in female (P < 0.05). Conclusions Malignant tumors are the major cause of chronic diseases in residents of Yuyao. Health education should be strengthened for chronic diseases of male residents and the overall health of residents should be improved.