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在《利维坦》题为“论位格、作者与被代表之物”的章节中,霍布斯提出了代表与授权理论,而“论国家的原因,生成与定义”一章的论述则表明,国家是通过自然人的授权而建立的。这就是说,在《利维坦》的语境中,授权是国家得以建立的方式,而国家作为统一体所凭借的形式则是主权者与人民之间的代表关系,因此,代表和授权理论对于理解霍布斯的国家观念具有重要意义。本文的任务在于解释和重构霍布斯的代表和授权理论,以及在此基础上阐释该理论在霍布斯契约论国家学说中的意义。
In the section entitled “Leviathan” entitled “On the Person, Author and Being”, Hobbes proposed the theory of representation and empowerment, while “On the Cause, Generation and Definition of a State” Chapter expositions show that the state is established through the authorization of natural persons. That is to say, in the context of “Leviathan,” the empowerment is the way in which the state can be established, and the state relies on the form of the unity as the representation of the sovereign and the people. Therefore, the theory of representation and empowerment It is of great significance to understand Hobbes’s concept of nation. The task of this paper is to explain and reconstruct Hobbes’ theory of representation and empowerment, and on this basis, explain the significance of this theory in Hobbesian theory of state theory.