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地理环境是由大气圈、水圈、岩石圈和生物圈构成的复杂系统。在各种地理要素中,水是最活跃的要素之一。我国拥有18 000多公里的海岸线,经济和社会的发展也愈来愈依赖于海洋,因此有关海洋的知识如盐度、温度、洋流、海洋资源的开发利用、海洋环境保护和海洋权益等都是高考命题的新热点。尤其是近年来厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜现象频发,影响全
Geographical environment is a complex system of the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere and biosphere. Among various geographical elements, water is one of the most active elements. Since our country has a coastline of over 18,000 kilometers and economic and social development are also increasingly dependent on the oceans, knowledge of oceans such as salinity, temperature, currents, the exploitation and utilization of marine resources, the protection of the marine environment and the maritime rights and interests are all College entrance examination proposition new hot spot. In particular, the frequent occurrences of El Niño and La Niña in recent years have affected all