从优化问题的诸要素出发 ,分析暂态稳定预防控制和紧急控制的特点 ,评述其决策优化的现状和困难。这些要素包括系统方程、目标函数、约束条件、控制变量、寻优策略、决策时机和控制时机等。稳定分析需要将当前定性和离线的方法改进为定量和在线的方法 ,而稳定控制则需要从无自适应、无优化和无协调的概念发展到自适应的优化协调控制。 EEAC(扩展等面积准则 )或其他将会出现的量化方法所提供的稳定裕度指标 ,为安全性和经济性的协调、为预防控制和紧急控制的协调奠定基础。“在线预决策 ,实时匹配”是市场环境中大型电力系统暂态稳定预防控制和紧急控制的发展方向。利用稳定裕度对控制变量的灵敏度信息来指导搜索 ,同时利用启发式知识来避免局部最优解 ,构成由启发式和解析式相结合的搜索方法 From the optimization of the various elements of the problem, the analysis of the characteristics of the prevention and control of transient stability and emergency control, comment on the status quo and difficulties of its decision-making. These elements include system equations, objective functions, constraints, control variables, optimization strategies, decision-making timing and control timing. Stabilization requires refinement of the current qualitative and off-line methods to quantitative and online methods, whereas sta- ble control requires adaptive optimization of coordinated control from the concept of no adaptation, no optimization, and no coordination. EEAC (Extended Area Equality Guidelines) or other quantitative indicators of stability to be provided provides a guideline for the coordination of safety and economy and establishes the basis for the coordination of prevention and control and emergency controls. “Online pre-decision-making and real-time matching” are the development directions for the prevention, control and emergency control of large-scale power system transient stability in the market environment. The use of the stability margin to control the sensitivity of the variable to guide the search, while using heuristic knowledge to avoid the local optimal solution, constitute a combination of heuristic and analytic search methods