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联合国国际法委员会近年来对跨界含水层法进行了编纂和发展,先后通过了《跨界含水层法条款草案》的一读和二读。《跨界含水层法条款草案》界定了跨界含水层的有关概念,确立了跨及含水层的一般原则,如含水层国的主权原则、含水层公平合理利用原则、不对其他含水层国造成重大损害的义务原则、国际合作原则等,规定了对跨界含水层防止和减少污染及保护、保全跨界含水层生态系统主要规则。作为配合,联合国教科文组织推出了跨界含水层世界地图。《跨界含水层法条款草案》的通过将对跨界含水层法的发展起到重大的推动作用,并将有助于促进跨界含水层利用和保护的有序进行。对于我国及邻国对跨界含水层的开发利用和保护也具有重要的启示意义。
In recent years, the United Nations Commission on International Law has codified and developed the law of transboundary aquifers. It has successively adopted the first and second readings of the draft articles on the law of transboundary aquifers. The draft articles on the law of transboundary aquifers define the relevant concepts of transboundary aquifers and establish general principles of transboundary aquifers, such as the principle of sovereignty of aquifer States, the principle of equitable and reasonable utilization of aquifers and not affecting other aquifer States The principle of obligation of grave injury and the principle of international cooperation, which set out the major rules for the prevention and reduction of pollution and the protection of transboundary aquifers and the preservation of the transboundary aquifer ecosystems. In cooperation, UNESCO introduced the world map of transboundary aquifers. The adoption of the draft articles on the law of transboundary aquifers will play a significant catalytic role in the development of the law of transboundary aquifers and will contribute to the orderly promotion of the utilization and protection of transboundary aquifers. It also has important implications for the development, utilization and protection of transboundary aquifers by our country and its neighboring countries.