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美国所需的金属铬主要来自产铬国南非和津巴布韦,预计该两国的铬可供应美国使用600年。美国铬进口量的70%用于生产不锈钢,为了节约铬,开展了低铬和无铬不锈钢的研究。在美国生产量最大的不锈钢主要有AISI 304型(即Fe-18Cr-9Ni)和310型(即Fe-25Cr-20Ni),所以研究工作主要集中在它们的代用品上。
The metal chromium needed in the United States is mainly from the chromium-producing countries of South Africa and Zimbabwe. It is estimated that chromium from the two countries will be available to the United States for 600 years. Seventy percent of the United States imports of chromium are used to produce stainless steel, and chromium and chromium-free stainless steel are being studied to save chromium. The largest stainless steel producers in the United States are mainly AISI Type 304 (ie, Fe-18Cr-9Ni) and Type 310 (ie, Fe-25Cr-20Ni), so research has focused primarily on their substitutes.