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血管造影证实急性蛛网膜下腔出血后的迟发性脑缺血为一条或多条主要的颅内血管痉挛引起。这种脑血管痉挛的病理生理基础尚未清楚。临床和实验研究已知的血管收缩物质如血清素、正肾上腺素、前列腺素、血管紧张素、组织胺、血红蛋白衍生物等均不能完满解释临床所见。特殊的放射免疫测定证实在人的Willis环中存在神经肽Y(neuropeptide Y,NPY)。研究表明在尸体和手术前标本中的NPY浓度是相似的。浓度最高是脑底部血管分叉区,最低是基底动脉。在鼠的颈内动脉注射NPY,平均脑皮层血流减少达40～98%。
Angiography confirmed delayed cerebral ischemia following acute subarachnoid hemorrhage as a result of one or more major intracranial vasospasms. The pathophysiology of this cerebral vasospasm is not yet clear. Clinical and experimental studies known vasoconstrictor substances such as serotonin, norepinephrine, prostaglandin, angiotensin, histamine, hemoglobin derivatives, etc. can not fully explain the clinical findings. Specific radioimmunoassay confirmed the presence of neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the human Willis ring. Studies have shown that concentrations of NPY in the body and preoperative specimens are similar. The highest concentration is the bottom of the brain vascular bifurcation area, the lowest is the basilar artery. Injection of NPY into the rat’s internal carotid artery reduced the average cerebral cortex blood flow by 40-98%.