目的探讨小儿急性白血病发病年龄、性别、临床类型及临床表现。方法对在我科住院的72例白血病患儿临床资料进行回顾性分析,所有患者均经过骨髓细胞学检查确诊AL。结果坚持1疗程VDLD方案化疗的43例ALL,其中完全缓解34例,部分缓解4例,未缓解1例。采用DA方案化疗的14例ANLL,1疗程后缓解8例,2疗程后缓解4例,未缓解2例。结论小儿急性白血病的患病年龄、临床类型和临床表现复杂多样,临床医师必须提高对AL的诊断与鉴别诊断能力,才能尽早诊断AL。 Objective To investigate the age, sex, clinical type and clinical manifestations of childhood acute leukemia. Methods The clinical data of 72 leukemia children hospitalized in our department were analyzed retrospectively. All patients were confirmed by bone marrow cytology. Results A total of 43 cases of ALL treated with one course of VDLD regimen were treated. Complete remission was achieved in 34 cases, partial remission in 4 cases and unresponsiveness in 1 case. Fourteen ANLL patients treated with DA regimen were relieved in 8 cases after 1 course, 4 cases were relieved after 2 cycles and 2 cases were not relieved. Conclusions The age, clinical type and clinical manifestations of childhood acute leukemia are complex and diverse. Clinicians must improve the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of AL in order to diagnose AL as soon as possible.