目的调查东莞地区流动儿童支气管哮喘发病情况。方法对2012年6月-2014年5月东莞地区来院诊治的流动儿童中的246例支气管哮喘患儿(以下简称流动哮喘儿)进行调查研究,利用医院自拟调查量表对患儿的临床资料进行整理分析,对比不同年龄段哮喘患儿的发病情况,分析患儿的整体发病情况及影响流动哮喘儿发病情况的相关因素。结果 <5岁的流动哮喘儿中,男性的比例稍高于女性;>5岁的流动哮喘儿中,男性的比例稍低于女性,但差异均无统计学意义(χ~2=3.81,P>0.05;χ~2=0.47,P>0.05)。流动次数≥2次的患儿哮喘发作次数及母亲孕期吸烟的比例均分别显著高于单次流动患儿,而定期复诊与未接受哮喘防治知识教育的患儿比例显著低于单次流动患儿,差异均有统计学意义(χ~2=41.073,P<0.05;χ~2=11.498,P<0.05;χ~2=14.204,P<0.05;χ~2=7.608,P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示:患儿哮喘发作次数、母亲孕期吸烟、未定期复诊及接受哮喘防治知识教育均为影响流动哮喘儿发病的相关因素。Spearman分析显示:流动哮喘儿生命早期(从胎儿期至出生12个月内)使用抗生素与哮喘发病呈正相关。结论东莞地区的流动儿童中,患儿哮喘发作次数、母亲孕期吸烟、未定期复诊及接受哮喘防治知识教育均为影响流动儿童支气管哮喘发病的相关因素,值得临床重视。 Objective To investigate the incidence of bronchial asthma in mobile children in Dongguan area. Methods 246 children with bronchial asthma (hereinafter referred to as migrating asthmatic children) from floating children who came to Dongguan for treatment from June 2012 to May 2014 were investigated. The clinical data of the children Analysis of the incidence of asthma in children of different ages compared to analyze the overall incidence of children and affect the incidence of asthmatic children related factors. Results The proportion of males in migrating asthma <5 years old was slightly higher than that of females. The proportion of males in mobile asthma> 5 years old was slightly lower than that of females, but the difference was not statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 3.81, P > 0.05; χ ~ 2 = 0.47, P> 0.05). The number of asthmatic attacks and the proportion of mothers who smoke during pregnancy were significantly higher than those of single infants with the number of mobiles≥2. The proportion of children who received routine education and those who did not receive knowledge of prevention and treatment of asthma was significantly lower than that of children with single flow , The difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 41.073, P <0.05; χ ~ 2 = 11.498, P <0.05; χ ~ 2 = 14.204, P <0.05; Logistic regression analysis showed that the number of asthma attacks, smoking mothers during pregnancy, not regular follow-up and knowledge of prevention and treatment of asthma are related factors affecting the incidence of asthmatic children. Spearman analysis showed that the use of antibiotics in asthmatic children during early childhood (within the 12-month period from birth to birth) is positively correlated with the incidence of asthma. Conclusion The number of migrant children in Dongguan, the number of asthma attacks in children, mothers during pregnancy smoking, unscheduled referrals and education on the prevention and treatment of asthma are the related factors that affect the incidence of bronchial asthma in migrant children, which deserves clinical attention.