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了解掌握血吸虫病流行区传染源的种类和感染状况,分析各宿主在传播中的作用具有重要的现实意义。1992～1995年在安徽省5个江洲滩型血吸虫病流行区进行的传染源种类、分布、感染和污染状况的调查显示,在我省江洲滩地区除人外共发现牛、猪、兔、羊、鼠和狗等6种动物传染源。感染率分别为48.69％、21.31％、18.18％、13.04％、8.33％和0.69％,除狗外其它动物感染率均高于人群(7.53％)。从各宿主EPD和相对传播指数来看,人群所占的比例最高达91.3％,耕牛占8.48％,其它动物累计仅0.2％。然而,滩地实际污染调查则仅发现牛、猪和羊,污染指数牛占99.83％,猪占0.17％,由此可见牛是湖沼地区最重要的传染源。同时文中指出确切判断某一宿主在血吸虫病传播中的作用,不仅要分析传染源的数量、感染率、排卵量,而且还要考虑到虫卵实际污染有螺水体的机率、孵出率和对钉螺的攻击力等因素。
It is of great practical significance to understand the types of infection sources and the status of infection in the endemic areas of schistosomiasis and to analyze the role of each host in transmission. Surveys of the types, distribution, infection and pollution status of infectious origin in 5 Jiangchuankan schistosomiasis endemic areas in Anhui Province from 1992 to 1995 show that cattle, pigs, rabbits and sheep , Rats and dogs, 6 kinds of animal infectious origin. The infection rate was 48.69%, 21.31%, 18.18%, 13.04%, 8.33% and 0.69%, respectively. The infection rate of other animals except dogs was higher than that of the crowd (7.53%). From the host EPD and relative spread index, the proportion of the population up to 91.3%, cattle accounted for 8.48%, other animals accumulated only 0.2%. However, the survey of actual pollution in the beach area only found cattle, pigs and sheep. The pollution index accounted for 99.83% of the total cattle and 0.17% of the pigs, indicating that cattle are the most important source of infection in lakes and marshes. At the same time, the article pointed out that the exact judgment of a host role in the spread of schistosomiasis, not only to analyze the number of infectious agents, infection rates, ovulation, but also take into account the actual contamination of the eggs with screw body probability, hatching rate and Snail attack and other factors.