例1:男,48岁。于1981年1月15日入院。患者二年来牙龈反复自发性出血,量不多,几分钟内即止。但近7～8个月来牙龈出血加重,3～4小时不止,严重时达22小时,并伴有乏力、头晕、腹部不适.曾多次诊治疗效不佳。既往有高血压史。家族无类似出血病史。体检:体温36.7℃,脉搏90次/分,血压160/90毫米汞柱。轻度贫血貌,皮肤粘膜无出血点,心肺无异常,肝脾未及。束臂试验阴性,心电图、胸部透视、肝脾超声波检查均无异常。化验:血红蛋白8.5克％,红细胞281万,白细胞17600,血小板187万,出凝血时间各1分,血浆凝血酶元时间25秒(正常对 Example 1: Male, 48 years old. Admitted to hospital on January 15, 1981. Patients with spontaneous bleeding gums repeated two years, not much, within a few minutes. However, in the past 7 to 8 months bleeding gums worse, more than 3 to 4 hours, up to 22 hours in severe cases, accompanied by fatigue, dizziness, abdominal discomfort. Past history of hypertension. The family had no history of bleeding. Physical examination: body temperature 36.7 ℃, pulse 90 beats / min, blood pressure 160/90 mm Hg. Mild anemia, skin and mucous membrane without bleeding, no abnormal heart and lung, liver and spleen without. Beam arm test negative, ECG, chest fluoroscopy, liver and spleen ultrasound were normal. Assay: 8.5 g% hemoglobin, 2.81 million erythrocytes, 17600 leukocytes, 1.87 million platelets, 1 point for each clotting time, 25 seconds for plasma thrombin time (normal