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作为20世纪美国结构主义语言学的创始人之一,Charles C.Fries在研究方法和研究视角上都独树一帜。他分析语言结构在实际情境中的交际意义,认为语言结构源自语言使用;他详细论述主语、宾语和修饰语的结构意义,提出“语法结构本身就有意义”的构式论;他强调意义源自经验。本文梳理和分析Fries基于使用的语言观、构式论和经验观,以期对其语言学理论中很少提及的认知元素有更深刻的认识。
As one of the founders of 20th century American structuralist linguistics, Charles C. Fries is unique in both research methods and research perspectives. He analyzes the communicative significance of the language structure in the real situation and holds that the language structure originates from the use of language. He elaborates on the structural meanings of the subject, object and modifier, proposing a constructive theory that “the grammatical structure itself has meaning” Emphasis on meaning comes from experience. This article reviews and analyzes Fries’s usage-based view of language, constructivism, and empiricism in order to gain a deeper understanding of the cognitive elements rarely mentioned in linguistic theories.