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气管狭窄包括良性狭窄和恶性狭窄2种。引起良性狭窄的原因有:①气管、支气管结核;②气管内插管;③肺移植或袖状切除吻合术后;④气道内长期的异物刺激;⑤创伤造成气管断裂或损伤;⑥吸入性损伤所致;⑦气道淀粉样变;⑧复发性多软骨炎;⑨气道内良性肿瘤。引起恶性狭窄的原因有:①原发气道内恶性肿瘤;②甲状腺癌或食道癌侵犯或压迫所致。过去支气管内膜结核是我国良性气管狭窄的主要原因,近年来随着各种抢救技术和呼吸支持治
Tracheal stenosis, including two kinds of benign and malignant stenosis. Causes of benign stenosis are: trachea, bronchial tuberculosis; endotracheal intubation; lung transplantation or sleeve resection and anastomosis; long-term foreign body airway irritation; trauma caused by tracheal rupture or injury; ⑥ inhalation injury ⑦ airway amyloidosis ⑧ recurrent polychondritis ⑨ benign airway. Cause of malignant stenosis are: ① primary airway malignant tumors; ② thyroid cancer or esophageal cancer caused by intrusion or compression. In the past bronchial endometrial tuberculosis is the main reason for benign tracheal stenosis in China in recent years with various rescue techniques and respiratory support