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目的了解佛山市顺德区肝吸虫病的流行状况,为肝吸虫病的防控工作提供科学依据。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法,于2015年在佛山市顺德区随机选取880人作为研究对象,采用改良加藤厚涂片法(Kato-Katz)进行肝吸虫感染情况检测;同时采用病例对照研究设计,对虫卵阳性者,按照1∶1比例选择非感染者作为阴性对照,调查肝吸虫感染的流行因素。结果成功调查的864人中,粪检虫卵阳性者160人,平均感染率为18.52%。男性肝吸虫感染率(22.70%)明显高于女性(12.46%),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=14.497,P<0.01);各年龄组感染率差异亦有统计学意义(χ~2=18.746,P<0.01)。单因素分析显示,外出饮食情况、吃未熟透鱼、使用同一砧板刀具处理生熟食品、使用未经消毒的餐具是人群感染肝吸虫病的影响因素(P<0.05);多因素logistic回归分析显示,吃未熟透鱼(OR=3.374)、使用同一砧板刀具处理生熟食品(OR=2.213)是人群肝吸虫感染的危险因素。结论佛山市顺德区肝吸虫病流行范围广,感染率高,已经成为较为严重的公共卫生问题,应加强对居民肝吸虫病的健康教育,改变其不良的饮食和卫生习惯。
Objective To understand the prevalence of hepaticosis in Shunde District of Foshan City and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of. Methods Stratified random sampling method was used to randomly select 880 people in Shunde District of Foshan City in 2015 as the research object. Kato-Katz method was used to detect the infection of hepatic flukes. At the same time, the case-control study design , For egg-positive, in accordance with the ratio of 1: 1 non-infected patients were selected as a negative control to investigate the prevalence of hepatic flu infection. Results Among the 864 people surveyed, 160 were positive for fecal insects and the average infection rate was 18.52%. The infection rate of H.pylori in male was significantly higher than that in female (22.70%) (12.46%) (χ ~ 2 = 14.497, P <0.01). The infection rate in each age group was also significantly different (χ ~ 2 = 18.746, P <0.01). Univariate analysis showed that out-of-home diet, eating uncooked fish, using the same cutting board to handle raw and cooked foods, and using non-sterilized tableware were the influencing factors of human infection of hepatic flukes (P <0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis , Eating uncooked fish (OR = 3.374), using the same cutting board to treat raw and cooked food (OR = 2.213) was a risk factor for hepacterial infection in the population. Conclusion The prevalence of clonic flu in Shunde district of Foshan City is very wide and its infection rate is high. It has become a serious public health problem. Health education should be strengthened for residents with hepatic flukes and its bad diet and health habits should be changed.