赵紫阳总理在《关于第七个五年计划的报告》中指出,为了给经济体制改革创造良好的经济环境和社会环境,必须努力保持社会总需求和总供给的基本平衡。为什么?因为社会总需求和总供给的基本平衡意味着物资的供求平衡、生产和消费的平衡(这里的消费包括对生产资料的消费和对消费资料的消费),这是保证国民经济按比例地协调发展的必要条件,而只有国民经济的协调发展,才能保证经济体制改革的顺利进行。反之,如果有支付能力的社会总需求过度膨胀,超过了生产资料和消费资料的供应能力,则一方面会刺激工业生产的超高速增长,加重了对能源、交通、原材料和进口的压力;另一方面,会引起物价的波动,使短缺的物资和消费品价格大幅度上涨,造成生活不安定和人心浮动。而且,由于需求旺盛,即使产品质次价高,也能畅销,致使长线产品压不下来,短线产品上不去,加剧了国民经济的 In his “Report on the Seventh Five-Year Plan,” Premier Zhao Ziyang pointed out: In order to create a sound economic and social environment for economic structural reform, we must strive to maintain a basic balance between aggregate social demand and aggregate supply. Why? Because the basic balance between total social demand and aggregate supply means the balance between supply and demand of supplies and the balance between production and consumption (consumption includes consumption of means of production and consumption of consumption data), which is to ensure that the national economy is proportionately The necessary conditions for the coordinated development, and only the coordinated development of the national economy in order to ensure the smooth progress of economic restructuring. On the other hand, if the total social demand for social capacity that has excessively expanded capacity exceeds the supply capacity of means of production and consumption, on the one hand, it will stimulate the extremely rapid growth of industrial production and increase the pressure on energy, transportation, raw materials and imports; on the other hand, On the one hand, it will cause fluctuations in prices and cause a sharp rise in the prices of shortages of goods and consumer goods, resulting in the instability of life and the floating of the people. Moreover, due to strong demand, even if the quality of the product is high and the price is good, it can also be sold well. As a result, the long-term products can not be suppressed and the short-term products can not go up, aggravating the national economy