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目的：探讨用可溶性蛋白质抗原诱导特异性ＣＴＬ的途径。方法：用冻融超声法制备包裹可溶性鸡卵蛋白（ＯＶＡ）和ＣＡＨｂ３蛋白质抗原的阳离子脂质体，并借助脂质体将抗原导入Ｃ５７ＢＬ／６小鼠脾细胞胞浆内，以此细胞经尾静脉免疫Ｃ５７ＢＬ／６小鼠，取体内初致敏脾细胞，在体外以渗透方式导入ＯＶＡ或ＣＡＨｂ３抗原的脾细胞再刺激，诱导特异性ＣＴＬ，并进行Ⅰ类途径阻断实验和ＭＨＣＩ类分子中和实验。结果：脂质体成功地包裹了抗原，电镜观察到抗原进入细胞胞浆内，免疫组化检测证实细胞上有抗原表达，细胞毒活性检测显示ＣＴＬ具有抗原特异性和ＭＨＣ限制性，Ⅰ类途径阻断实验证实抗原由Ⅰ类途径提呈，ＭＨＣⅠ类分子中和实验表明ＣＴＬ的识别和杀伤与ＭＨＣⅠ类分子有关。结论：阳离子脂质体能有效地传递可溶性蛋白质抗原，使之进入细胞内抗原Ⅰ类提呈途径，激活特异性ＣＴＬ免疫应答。
Objective: To explore the ways of inducing specific CTLs with soluble protein antigens. Methods: Cationic liposomes containing soluble chicken egg albumin (OVA) and CAHb3 protein antigen were prepared by freeze-thaw-ultrasonication. The antigen was introduced into the cytoplasm of splenocytes of C57BL / 6 mice by liposome, C57BL / 6 mice were immunized with tail vein and initially sensitized splenocytes in vitro. The splenocytes of OVA or CAHb3 antigen were infiltrated in vitro and re-stimulated to induce specific CTLs and class Ⅰ blockade experiments And MHCI class molecular neutralization experiments. Results: The liposomes successfully encapsulated the antigen, the antigen was observed by electron microscopy and the antigen was expressed on the cells by immunohistochemistry. The cytotoxic activity of CTL showed antigen-specific and MHC-restricted CTLs. Blocking experiments confirmed that the antigen presented by the class Ⅰ, MHC class Ⅰ molecular neutralization experiments show that CTL recognition and killing and MHC class Ⅰ molecules. CONCLUSION: Cationic liposomes can effectively deliver soluble protein antigens to enter into the intracellular antigen class I presentation pathway and activate specific CTL immune responses.