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生态补偿是以保护和可持续利用生态系统服务为目的,以经济手段为主调节相关者利益关系的一种具有经济激励特征的制度安排,生态补偿机制是一种有偿使用自然资源与生态环境的新型管理模式,是通过“资源有价”的观念重新审视生态环境资源,重新评价生态环境资源在经济建设和市场交换中所体现出的价值,从而激励损害(保护)行为的主体减少(增加)因其行为带来的外部不经济性,最终达到保护生态环境的目的,实施生态补偿机制,恢复已遭破坏的生态环境,是实现人类持久生存发展的必然选择,生态补偿机制与政策研究是当前生态学重要研究领域之一,本研究分别从生态学、经济学和社会学的角度详细论述了生态补偿的理论基础,分析了生态补偿的内涵,总结了我国生态补偿的实践经验和相关政策。
Ecological compensation is an economically motivated institutional arrangement that regulates the interests of stakeholders mainly through the use of economic instruments in order to protect and sustainably use ecosystem services. Ecological compensation is a form of compensation for the use of natural resources and ecological environment The new management mode reexamines the resources of the ecological environment through the concept of "resource Increase) because of their external uneconomical behavior, and ultimately achieve the purpose of protecting the ecological environment, the implementation of ecological compensation mechanism to restore the damaged ecological environment is to achieve long-term survival and development of mankind’s natural selection of ecological compensation mechanism and policy research Is one of the most important research fields in ecology at present. This research elaborates the theoretical basis of ecological compensation in detail from the aspects of ecology, economics and sociology, analyzes the connotation of ecological compensation, summarizes the practical experience and related policy.