施用作物秸秆，常因碳氮比较宽，引起土壤微生物与作物苗期争夺土壤中无机氮的矛盾。本文采用盆栽试验方法，秸秆还田添加不同量的氮素，以冬小麦的产量、株高、分蘖数、叶片中叶　　　绿素含量以及植株对氮、磷、钾的吸收量为指标，找出适宜的碳氮比。结果表明，在冬小麦的各项　指标中，不同处理呈现Ｓ＋Ｎ３＞Ｓ＋Ｎ２＞Ｋ＞Ｓ＋Ｎ１＞Ｓ的规律，添加的氮量以碳氮比为２５：１为宜。 Application of crop stalks, often due to relatively wide carbon and nitrogen, causing soil microbes and crop seedling competition for inorganic nitrogen in soil conflicts. In this paper, pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of straw addition on the yield and quality of winter wheat cultivars. The yield, plant height, tiller number, chlorophyll content in leaves and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake by winter wheat plants were used as indexes to find suitable carbon Nitrogen ratio. The results showed that different treatments showed the law of S + N3> S + N2> K> S + N1> S among the indexes of winter wheat.