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目的 探讨奥氮平与氟哌啶醇治疗苯丙胺类所致急性精神障碍的临床疗效.方法 将78例苯丙胺类所致急性精神障碍患者采用随机数字表法分为两组,每组39例.奥氮平组给予奥氮平治疗,氟哌啶醇组给予氟哌啶醇治疗,观察2个月.于治疗前后比较两组患者简明精神病量表评分及不良反应发生率.结果 治疗后两组简明精神病量表各因子评分及总分均显著低于治疗前(P<0.01),奥氮平组焦虑抑郁、缺乏活力及总分均较氟哌啶醇组下降更显著(P<0.05或0.01).奥氮平组不良反应发生率为43.6%,氟哌啶醇组为66.7%,奥氮平组显著低于氟哌啶醇组(P<0.05).结论 奥氮平治疗苯丙胺类所致急性精神障碍疗效较好,安全性高,优于氟哌啶醇治疗.“,”Objective To explore the efficacy of olanzapine and haloperidol in the treatment of amphetamines-induced acute mental disorder (AAMD). Methods According to random number table 78 AAMD patients were assigned to two groups of 39 ones each treated with olanzapine or haloperidol for 2 months. The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) scored and incidences of adverse reactions were compared between 2 groups before and after treatment. Results After treatment each factor and total scores of the BPRS in both groups were significantly lower compared with pretreatment (P<0.01) and in olanzapine group anxiety-depression,lack of vitality and total score lowered more significantly than in haloperidol ( P<0.05 or 0.01). The incidence of adverse reactions was respectively 43.6% in olanzapine and 66.7% in haloperidol group and the former significantly lower than the latter (P<0.05). Conclusion Olanzapine has better efficacy and higher safety compared with haloperidol in treating the AAMD.