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利用1989—2008年中国29个省级地区和2004年120个城市的数据,本文考察了腐败对中国环境污染的影响。省区层面的研究发现,腐败可以通过直接加剧污染、间接阻碍收入增长而改善污染等两种渠道对环境产生影响,且腐败整体加剧了中国的环境污染。分地区和分时段的估计表明,腐败对中西部地区环境的负面影响显著强于东部地区,1999—2008年腐败对环境的负面影响则显著弱于1989—1998年。考虑地区环境规制和外资水平差异的估计表明,环境规制和外资水平的提升比较显著地抑制了腐败对环境的消极影响。城市层面的估计结果则验证了以上主要结论的稳健性。
Using data from 29 provinces in China and 120 cities in China from 1989 to 2008, this paper examines the impact of corruption on China’s environmental pollution. At the provincial level, the study found that corruption can have an impact on the environment through direct ways of aggravating pollution, indirectly hindering income growth and improving pollution, and corruption as a whole has exacerbated China’s environmental pollution. Estimates by region and by sub-period show that corruption has a significantly stronger negative impact on the environment in the central and western regions than in the eastern regions. The negative impact of corruption on the environment from 1999 to 2008 was significantly weaker than that of 1989-1998. Estimates of the differences in environmental regulations and levels of foreign investment in the region show that the improvement of environmental regulation and foreign investment has more significantly suppressed the negative impact of corruption on the environment. Estimates at the city level validate the robustness of the above key findings.