流行性脑脊膜炎,简称流脑,是由脑膜炎双球菌所致、冬春季节常见的急性传染病。以儿童多见,呈流行性或散发性发病。由于它传播广、发病急、病情变化快,暴发型病例如不及时抢救常可迅速死亡。故应积极做好本病的防治工作。由于流脑的表现复杂,临床上有许多疾病可出现类似流脑的症候,但在处理原则及后果上又各不相同。为此,本文着重介绍流脑的诊断及鉴别诊断。 Epidemic meningitis, referred to as meningitis, caused by meningococcus, is a common acute infectious disease in winter and spring. More common in children, was epidemic or sporadic incidence. Because of its wide dissemination, acute onset, rapid changes in the disease, the outbreak of cases such as timely rescue can often die quickly. It should be actively doing prevention and treatment of this disease. Due to the complicated performance of meningitis, there are many clinical symptoms of meningitis similar to those in clinical practice, but they are different in terms of treatment principles and consequences. To this end, this article focuses on the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of meningitis.