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国际电联关于使用频率和卫星轨道位置一直采用“先登先占”制,即先登记先发射卫星者享有优先权。这显然有利于发达国家,不利于发展中国家。经过广大第三世界国家(包括部分第二世界国家)为维护其电信权益的努力,1977年电联行政大会上制定了卫星广播的世界性规划,对“先登先占”制突破了一个缺口。近几年来,不结盟90国又一直要求对固定卫星通信也制定世界规划。本文就是反映了这一合理要求。在去年结束的世界无线电行政会议上,虽然本文报道的提案未能直接提出来,但包括中国在内的四个发展中国家提出了类似提案,并得到通过。此次会议还决定在1983年专门召开的电联行政大会上研究固定卫星通信规划的具体问题。
ITU has always adopted the “first-on-first-preemption” system with regard to the frequency of use and the orbital position of the satellites, that is, the priority is given to the registration of first-come-first-served satellites. This is obviously beneficial to developed countries and not to developing countries. Through the efforts of the third world countries (including some of the second world countries) to safeguard their telecommunications rights, at the ITU Administrative Conference in 1977, a worldwide plan for satellite broadcasting was formulated, which broke through a gap in the “first-to-first-preemption” system. In recent years, the non-aligned 90 countries have also been demanding that world-wide plans be established for fixed satellite communications. This article reflects this reasonable requirement. At the World Radio and Administrative Conference that ended last year, although the proposals reported in this article were not directly put forward, four developing countries including China submitted similar proposals and were adopted. The meeting also decided to study the specific issues of the fixed satellite communications plan at the special Administrative Assembly of the Union held in 1983.