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【目的】明确钾肥用量和叶面喷施赤霉素对春小麦籽粒灌浆及产量的影响。【方法】选用新春31号小麦品种,于拔节期追施钾肥,开花期叶面喷施赤霉素,研究其对籽粒干物质积累、产量构成及产量的影响。【结果】小麦灌浆过程呈“S”型曲线变化。其中籽粒干物质积累表现为K_(180)>K_(360)>K_0,且均在花后30 d达到最大值;在同一施钾水平下,随着喷施赤霉素浓度的增大,籽粒最高理论粒重、平均灌浆速率、最大灌浆速率和产量均增大,并在GA_4水平下达到最大值。随着钾肥用量的增加,小麦产量显著增加,表现为K_(180)>K_(360)>K_0,且于K_(180)时达到最大。【结论】在施钾量180 kg/hm~2、叶面喷施赤霉素浓度24 g/hm~2的组合下,最有利于小麦的高效生产。
【Objective】 The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of potassium fertilizer and gibberellin on grain filling and yield of spring wheat. 【Method】 The wheat variety Xinchun No.31 was used at the jointing stage and the potassium fertilizer was applied at the jointing stage. The gibberellin was sprayed on the foliage at the flowering stage to study the effects on grain dry matter accumulation, yield components and yield. 【Result】 The results showed that the filling process of wheat was “S” curve. Among them, K_ (180)> K_ (360)> K_0 showed the highest accumulation of K_ (180)> K_ (360)> K_0 at 30 d after anthesis. Under the same K application, with the increase of gibberellin concentration, The maximum theoretical grain weight, average grain filling rate, maximum grain filling rate and grain yield all increased, reaching the maximum at GA 4 level. With the increase of potash fertilizer application, the yield of wheat increased significantly, which showed K_ (180)> K_ (360)> K_0 and reached the maximum at K_ (180). 【Conclusion】 Under the combination of potassium application rate of 180 kg / hm ~ 2 and foliar application of gibberellin concentration of 24 g / hm ~ 2, the most efficient wheat production is the most favorable.