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锈病是德宏州小麦的主要病害 ,2 0世纪 5 0年代末、 6 0年代以秆锈为主 ,70年代后又以叶锈为主 ,80 ,90年代“三锈”发生面积不大 ,危害较轻 ,近年又有上升趋势。通过流行因素分析 ,菌源的大量积累 ,是锈病发生的先决条件 ;感病品种的大量种植 ,决定了锈病的发生程度 ;高温多湿的气候条件 ,利于锈病的蔓延。通过四次抗锈品种的更换 ,增强了品种的抗病性 ,遏制了秆锈病的猖獗危害 ;通过改革耕作制度 ,减少地麦种植 ,铲除自生麦苗 ,切断锈病的初侵染源 ;通过适时播种 ,避过锈病的危害 ;通过及时有效的药物防治 ,控制锈病蔓延 ,减少产量损失
Rust disease is the main disease of wheat in Dehong Prefecture. In the late 1950s, it was mainly stem rust in the 1960s and leaf rust mainly after the 1970s. The occurrence of “Tri-rust” in the 1980s and 1990s was not large, Less harmful, in recent years there is an upward trend. Through the analysis of epidemic factors, the accumulation of bacterial sources is the prerequisite for the occurrence of rust. The large-scale cultivation of susceptible cultivars determines the degree of occurrence of rust. The climatic conditions of high temperature and humidity are conducive to the spread of rust. Four varieties of anti-rust varieties were used to enhance the disease resistance of the cultivars and prevent the rampant hazards of stem rust. By reforming the farming system, reducing the wheat planting, eradicating the wheat germ and cutting off the primary sources of rust, , To avoid the hazards of rust; timely and effective drug control, control the spread of rust, reduce the yield loss