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目的了解南通市开发区人群乙肝表面抗原携带率、感染率和乙肝疫苗接种率,评价乙肝疫苗纳入免疫规划实施效果。方法按《2006年全国人群乙肝等有关疾病血清学调查工作手册》,按1~4岁、5~14岁、15~59岁3个年龄组抽取研究对象,进行问卷调查和采集检测血清。结果共调查500人,其中男性294人,女性206人。调查乙肝疫苗总接种率为63.6%,其中1~5岁接种率为100%。乙肝疫苗接种率和抗-HBs阳性率越高,HBsAg下降幅度越大,5岁以下儿童抗-HBs阳性率最高为79.0%,其HBsAgb携带率最低为0.00%,3个年龄组HBsAg、抗-HBs以及HBV感染率差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。接种乙肝疫苗人群HBsAg、抗-HBc、HBV感染率均为0.00%。HBsAg阳性率居前的职业人群是公共场所服务人员(20.8%)、农民(20.0%)、医护人员(9.09%)。结论乙肝疫苗的预防接种是控制乙肝最直接有效的手段之一,在继续保持高水平的乙肝疫苗全程接种率以及首针及时接种率基础上,加强对15岁以上的重点人群和高危人群乙肝疫苗接种工作,降低人群乙肝病毒的感染率。
Objective To understand the population carrying rate of hepatitis B surface antigen, the infection rate and the vaccination rate of hepatitis B in the population of Nantong Development Zone and evaluate the implementation effect of hepatitis B vaccine in the immunization program. Methods According to “Handbook of Serological Surveillance on Hepatitis B and Other Related Diseases in Nationwide Population in 2006”, the subjects were selected from three age groups of 1 to 4 years, 5 to 14 years and 15 to 59 years old. Questionnaires and serums were collected. Results A total of 500 people were investigated, including 294 males and 206 females. Survey of hepatitis B vaccine total inoculation rate of 63.6%, of which 1 to 5 years old vaccination rate of 100%. The higher the HBsAg vaccination rate and the anti-HBs positive rate, the greater the decline of HBsAg. The highest positive rate of anti-HBs in children under 5 years old was 79.0%, the lowest HBsAgb carrier rate was 0.00%, HBsAgb in 3 age groups, HBs and HBV infection rate difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). The HBsAg, anti-HBc, and HBV infection rates of those vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine were 0.00%. The occupational groups with the highest HBsAg positive rate are public service personnel (20.8%), peasants (20.0%) and medical staff (9.09%). Conclusion Vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine is one of the most direct and effective means of controlling hepatitis B. On the basis of continuing to maintain a high level of full vaccination rate of hepatitis B vaccine and timely vaccination rate of hepatitis B vaccine, hepatitis B vaccine should be strengthened for key population over 15 years old and high risk population Inoculation work to reduce the rate of hepatitis B virus infection in the population.