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目的 研究海上训练人员的心理应激状态与个性特征及相关性。方法 以海军某部训练的 12 6名军人为训练组 ,平时状态的军人 136名为对照组 ,采用症状自评量表 (SCL- 90 )、艾森克个性测量问卷 (EPQ)进行调查。结果 训练组中轻度的不良反应为人际敏感、强迫、敌对、躯体化、偏执等 ;较明显的心理健康问题为偏执、强迫、敌对、抑郁、人际敏感等。训练组躯体化、恐怖、阳性项目数、精神病性、敌对明显高于对照组 ,且 EPQ精神质 (P)分、神经质 (N)分明显高于对照组。以 EPQ各维度为自变量 ,以 SCL- 90总均分和各因子分为因变量 ,进行多元逐步回归分析 ,P进入 SCL- 90总均分及除敌对因子外的各因子方程 ;N进入 SCL- 90总均分及除躯体化、恐怖因子外的各因子方程 ;E进入人际敏感、抑郁方程。结论 训练人员心理卫生水平呈下降趋势 ,神经质、精神质个性特征易促发负性情绪 ,这些特征容易使个体在认知、情感、行为、适应等方面产生较多的心理健康问题
Objective To study the psychological state of stress and personality traits of maritime trainers and their correlations. Methods A total of 126 military personnel trained by a naval unit were employed as training group and 136 normal military personnel as control group. SCL-90 and EPQ were used to investigate. Results The mild adverse reactions in the training group were interpersonal sensitivity, coercion, hostility, somatization, paranoid and so on. The obvious mental health problems were paranoid, coercion, hostility, depression and interpersonal sensitivity. The numbers of somatization, horror, positive items, mental illness and hostility in the training group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the scores of EPQ (P) and neuroticism (N) were significantly higher than those of the control group. Taking all dimensions of EPQ as independent variables, the total score of SCL-90 and each factor were divided into dependent variables, and multiple stepwise regression analysis was conducted. P entered SCL-90 total score and each factor equation except hostile factor. N entered SCL - 90 total points and factors other than somatization and horror factors; E into interpersonal sensitivity and depression. Conclusion The level of mental health of trainer is decreasing. Neuroticism and psychic personality tend to trigger negative emotions. These traits are likely to cause more mental health problems in cognition, emotion, behavior and adaptation.