论文部分内容阅读
关于可乐宁的降压机理,几年来一直是一个饶有兴趣的问题,吸引了许多临床、药理和生理学工作者的注意。早年的实验证实,可乐宁为一中枢降压药,并有中枢镇静作用,进一步发现它主要作用于延髓的背侧孤束核和腹侧“S区”以及下丘脑前部,激活这些区域的α受体,使抑制血管运动中枢兴奋性的神经通路激活,晚近又明确可乐宁是α_2受体激剂。因此,归纳起来,可乐宁降压作用的机理是:1.通过激动中枢突触后α(可能系α_2)受体以激活抑制血管运动中枢的神经通路。2.激动突触前α_2受体(如下丘脑后部),抑制轴突末梢NE的释放,使该部位传向血管运动中枢的冲动减少,从而使外周交感神经紧张性降低。3.也有人认为可乐宁在中枢也可能通过α阻断作用而导致血管运动中枢的机能下降。4.激动外周神经末梢突触前膜的α_2受体,抑制NE的释放,从而肾上腺素能神经缩血管作用减弱5.可乐宁抑制
For some years, the antihypertensive mechanism of Clonidine has been an interesting issue that has drawn the attention of many clinicians, pharmacologists and physiologists. Early experiments confirmed that clonidine as a central antihypertensive drugs and central sedation, and further found that it mainly in the medulla oblongata solitary nucleus and the ventral “S zone” and the hypothalamus in front of the activation of these regions α receptor, to inhibit the excitability of vascular motor center nerve pathway activation, and recently confirmed that Colein is α_2 receptor agonist. Therefore, in summary, the mechanism of Hypotension of Clonidine is: 1. Activate the neural pathway that inhibits the vasomotor center by activating central post-synaptic [alpha] (possibly alpha2) receptors. 2. Excite pre-synaptic α 2 receptors (such as the posterior hypothalamus), inhibit the release of axon terminals NE, so that part of the impulse to the vasomotor center decreased, so that peripheral sympathetic tone decreased. 3. Some people think that clonidine in the central nervous system may also be α-blockage and lead to decline in the performance of the vasomotor center. 4. Activation of peripheral nerve endings presynaptic membrane α 2 receptor, inhibition of NE release, and thus adrenergic neurovascular decline 5. Clonidine inhibition